Do NOT use for real flight planning!

PPL

C152

Preflight Procedure

  • Fluganzeige ausfüllen
  • DABS / NOTAMS / Weather / Flighplan Briefing
  • Cockpit Check (Mixture cutoff, PWR idle, CBs in, Consumers off, Ignition off and key removed, Master ON, Flaps full, Note fuel, Master OFF)
  • Documents Check (Logbook and tech log, AFM, Blaue Veresicherungsmappe
  • Check Cabin (Oil, Vest, Headset, Pillow, Towbar)
  • Drain Fuel
  • Measure fuel qty.
  • Tow plane to fuelstation if needed
  • Refuel
  • Walkaround

Formulas and Rules of Thumb

  • Load Factor = 1/cos(bank °)
  • Vstall bank = Vstall * sqrt(load factor)
  • TOD [NM] = (Current Altitude - Desired Altitude) / 1000 * 3
  • +27ft for every hPa increase
  • -2K for every 1000ft increase
  • IAS + 2% for every 1000ft increase. TAS is compensated also for temperature, IAS is not.

Speeds

  • Vrotate 50 kts
  • Vx 60 kts
  • Vy 67 kts
  • Vbest glide 60 kts
  • Vcruise climb 70 kts
  • Vbase 65 kts
  • Vfinal 60 kts
  • Note Wind increments on Final: for wind ≥10 kts, add 1/3 of headwind comp or full wind gust spread, whichever is higher, to Vfinal.

Engine

  • Avco Lycoming O-235-N2C
  • 4 Cylinder Boxer
  • 3.8 l
  • 108 PS at 2550 RPM

Fuel

  • Fuel types: 100LL or 100
  • Total Capacity: 26 USG / 98.41 l
  • Total Usable Fuel: 24.5 USG / 92.7 l = 03:50 h
  • Fuel Consumption: 6 USG / h or 24 l / h

Oil

  • MIL-L-22851
  • SAE 30
  • Capacity: Sump 6 Quarts, Total 7 Quarts

Mechanical Dimensions

  • Wingspan: 33 feet and 4 inches / 10.2 meters
  • Length: 24 feet and 1 inch / 7.4 meters
  • Height: 8 feet 6 inch / 2.6 meters

Conversions

  • 1 USG = 3.785 l
  • 1 NM = 1.852 km
  • 1 min = 1.333 NM
  • 1 NM = 0.666 min
  • 1 ft = 0.3048 m
  • 1 m = 3.28084 ft

Emergency Checklist

Engine problem during take of roll

  1. Power idle
  2. Brakes as required
  3. Full stop
  4. Flaps up Optional
  5. Mixture cutoff Optional
  6. Ignition off Optional
  7. Master switch off Optional

Engine problem after take off

  1. Nose down, Vbestglide 60 kt
  2. Land within 30° left/right
  3. No turnaround below 1000 ft AGL
  4. Mixture cutoff
  5. Shut off valve close
  6. Ignition off
  7. Flaps as required
  8. Master switch off

Airwork Maneuvers

HASELL

A good way to make sure the plane and surroundings are prepared is HASELL

  1. Height - Height above ground is sufficient
  2. Airframe - Flaps up, doors and windows closed
  3. Safety - Seatbelts fastened
  4. Engine - Check engine parameters
  5. Location - Suitable area for emergency landing
  6. Lookout - Clear of traffic

Turn 30°

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. Lookout
  3. 3 B's (Bank, Ball, Backpressure)

Steep Turn 45°

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. +50 RPM
  3. Lookout
  4. 3 B's
  5. -50 RPM

Slow flight 60 kt

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. AC
  3. Reduce power to be at 60 kt
  4. Maintain altitude
  5. Trim
  6. Go around for cruise

Slow flight critical low airspeed

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. AC
  3. Reduce power to be at 60 kt
  4. Maintain altitude
  5. Trim
  6. Go around for cruise

Pwr idle stall

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. AC
  3. Power idle
  4. Maintain altitude
  5. When stalling, nose down, go around (Full PWR, Carb Heat off, Flaps stepwise up
  6. Climb check

Approach to stall in base config

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. AC
  3. 2100 RPM
  4. ABM Threshold, speed white arc, flaps 10°
  5. Approaching glide, 1500 RPM, Flaps 20°, starting descend, nose down
  6. Turn in base max 20° bank
  7. Fehler einbauen (back pressure)
  8. When stall warning audible, nose down, wings level, go around (full pwr, carb heat off, flaps stepwise up
  9. Climb check

Approach to stall in landing config

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. AC
  3. 2100 RPM
  4. ABM Threshold, speed white arc, flaps 10°
  5. Approaching glide, 1500 RPM, Flaps 20°, starting descend, nose down
  6. Turn in base max 20° bank
  7. Turn final, flaps full
  8. Fehler einbauen (back pressure)
  9. When stall warning audible, nose down, wings level, go around (full pwr, carb heat off, flaps stepwise up
  10. Climb check

Steep gliding turn / Steilspirale

  1. FRP / HDG
  2. AC
  3. Pwr idle
  4. Pitch for 70 kt
  5. Trim
  6. Lookout
  7. 45° bank, 2 orbits, maintain 70 kt by pitch
  8. Go around, full pwr, carb heat off, flaps stepwise up

Recover from spiral dive

  1. Throttle idle
  2. Level wings
  3. Nose slowly up
  4. Throttle full
  5. Climb check

Power idle approach

  1. Vbest glide: 60 kt
  2. Fly best heading (look for close and suitable spot to land, key position 1000 ft AGL & 1NM distance to threshold)
  3. Approach Check + Magnetos + Primer secured
  4. At key position - Flaps 10°
  5. Aim for the middle of the runway, if landing success is assured, proceed with flaps and aim for normal aiming point

Zero flaps approach

PWR idle when approaching glide, base and final speeds 5 kt higher than usual!

  1. Approaching glide - PWR idle
  2. Base 70 kt
  3. Final 65 kt